Adolf Luderitz vs Ricardo Martinelli

Lüderitz purchased Angra Pequena Bay and surrounding land from a local Nama chief for 100 pounds and 200 rifles. This acquisition became the nucleus of the German colony of South West Africa (modern Namibia).

Lüderitz's acquisitions led to the official establishment of the German South West Africa protectorate. The German government granted him a charter to develop the colony, marking the beginning of formal German colonial rule in the region.

Lüderitz drowned while on an expedition to explore the Orange River in South West Africa. His death ended his direct involvement in the colony, but his name remained associated with the territory (Lüderitzbucht).

Ricardo Martinelli, a wealthy supermarket magnate, won the 2009 presidential election as the candidate of the Alliance for Change coalition. His campaign focused on anti-corruption and economic development, and he won with a landslide majority.

Martinelli's presidency oversaw rapid economic growth, major infrastructure projects (including the Panama Metro), and a controversial crackdown on crime. His administration was marked by allegations of authoritarianism, corruption, and nepotism, but also significant public works.

After leaving office, Martinelli faced multiple corruption investigations. In 2015, he fled to the United States but was later extradited to Panama in 2018. He was convicted of money laundering in 2019 and sentenced to prison, though he maintained his innocence.