Ahmed Izzet Pasha vs Alfred Jodl

Ahmed Izzet Pasha was appointed Grand Vizier by Sultan Mehmed VI in October 1918. He was tasked with negotiating an end to World War I after the collapse of the CUP government.

Ahmed Izzet Pasha authorized the signing of the Armistice of Mudros on October 30, 1918, ending Ottoman participation in World War I. The armistice imposed harsh terms including the occupation of the Straits and the right to occupy any territory in case of disorder.

Ahmed Izzet Pasha resigned as Grand Vizier after only a few weeks in office. His resignation was forced by the Sultan and the Allies who demanded a more compliant government to implement the armistice terms.

Ahmed Izzet Pasha served as Minister of War in the government of Damat Ferid Pasha. He attempted to reform the Ottoman army but was hampered by Allied occupation and the rise of the Turkish National Movement.

Jodl was appointed Chief of the Operations Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW). He was responsible for planning and coordinating military operations under Hitler's direction. He played a key role in the planning of major campaigns, including the invasion of the Soviet Union.

Jodl was involved in the planning of Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. He helped draft the directive for the campaign, which began in June 1941. The invasion led to massive casualties and the expansion of the war in the East.

Jodl signed the instrument of unconditional surrender of German forces on May 7, 1945, at Reims, France. He acted on behalf of the German high command. This surrender ended hostilities in Europe, though it was later ratified in Berlin.

Jodl was tried at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg for conspiracy, crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. He was found guilty on all counts and sentenced to death. He was executed by hanging on October 16, 1946.