Al-Mutadid I of Cairo vs Jacqueline of Hainaut

Al-Mutadid I became caliph after the death of Al-Hakim II. His reign was typical of the Cairene Abbasids: he performed religious ceremonies and confirmed Mamluk sultans, but held no real power.

Al-Mutadid I was deposed by Mamluk Sultan Al-Ashraf Sha'ban. He died shortly after, possibly executed or imprisoned. This event underscored the caliph's complete dependence on the sultan's favor.

Upon the death of her father, William II of Bavaria, Jacqueline inherited the counties of Holland, Zeeland, and Hainaut. As a female ruler, her succession was contested by her uncle John of Bavaria, initiating the Hook and Cod wars.

Jacqueline married John IV of Brabant to secure an alliance against her uncle John of Bavaria. The marriage proved politically disastrous as John IV proved weak and later abandoned her claims, leading to further conflict.

After her marriage to John IV collapsed, Jacqueline fled to England and married Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, a brother of King Henry V. This alliance brought English military support to her cause in the Low Countries.

Jacqueline was captured by forces of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who had taken over the war against her. She was imprisoned in Ghent, effectively ending her ability to rule independently.

Under duress, Jacqueline signed the Treaty of Delft, recognizing Philip the Good as regent of her lands. She retained the title of Countess but lost all effective power, marking the end of Wittelsbach rule in Holland and Hainaut.