Cao Shen vs Zhong Yao

After Xiao He's death, Cao Shen succeeded him as chancellor of the Han dynasty. He continued Xiao He's policies without alteration, following the principle of 'non-action' (wu wei) in governance.

Cao Shen maintained the legal and administrative framework established by Xiao He, avoiding new initiatives. He selected officials who were simple and honest, and dismissed those who were overly ambitious. This policy of non-interference allowed the Han economy to recover from war.

Cao Shen was known for his daily drinking and apparent lack of activity as chancellor. When criticized, he argued that he was simply following the superior precedents set by Xiao He, and that any changes would be harmful. This approach became a famous example of Daoist-inspired governance.

Zhong Yao was appointed Administrator of Chang'an. He governed the region effectively, maintaining order and supporting the Han court during the chaos of Dong Zhuo's rule.

Zhong Yao was a renowned calligrapher who developed the standard script (kaishu) style. His works influenced generations of Chinese calligraphers, and he is considered one of the Four Great Calligraphers of the Wei-Jin period.

Zhong Yao served as Minister over the Masses (Sikong) under Cao Cao and later under Cao Pi. He was a key administrator in the Wei government, overseeing civil affairs and legal reforms.

Zhong Yao advised Cao Rui on military strategy during Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions. His counsel helped Wei defend against Shu Han's attacks, contributing to the stability of the Wei state.