Didier Ratsiraka vs Maithripala Sirisena

Didier Ratsiraka became president of Madagascar after a military coup. He established a socialist regime aligned with the Soviet Union, nationalizing key industries and pursuing a policy of 'Malagasization'.

Ratsiraka introduced the Charter of the Malagasy Revolution, outlining a socialist path for Madagascar. The charter emphasized nationalization, self-reliance, and anti-imperialism, shaping the country's policies for years.

Ratsiraka lost the presidential election to Albert Zafy, ending his 17-year rule. The election was part of a democratic transition following widespread protests against his authoritarian regime.

Ratsiraka won the presidential election, returning to power after Zafy's impeachment. His second term was marked by economic decline and political instability.

Ratsiraka was overthrown after a disputed election against Marc Ravalomanana. A political crisis and military standoff led to Ravalomanana taking power, and Ratsiraka fled into exile in France.

Maithripala Sirisena was elected President of Sri Lanka on January 8, 2015, defeating incumbent Mahinda Rajapaksa. His victory was seen as a rejection of Rajapaksa's authoritarian rule and a move towards democratic reforms.

Sirisena's government repealed the 18th Amendment to the constitution, which had allowed the president to seek unlimited terms. The 19th Amendment was passed, restoring the two-term limit and reducing presidential powers, strengthening parliamentary oversight.

Sirisena attempted to dismiss Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe and appoint Mahinda Rajapaksa as prime minister, sparking a constitutional crisis. The move was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, and Wickremesinghe was reinstated after 52 days.

Following the Easter Sunday bombings on April 21, 2019, which killed over 250 people, Sirisena's government faced criticism for intelligence failures. He declared a state of emergency and sought international assistance, but his handling of the crisis was widely condemned.