Franz Conrad von Hotzendorf vs Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz

Conrad von H

Conrad repeatedly urged Emperor Franz Joseph to launch a preventive war against Serbia during the Balkan Wars. He argued that Serbia's growing power threatened the Habsburg monarchy. His advice was not followed at that time.

Conrad, in coordination with the German Army, planned and executed the Gorlice

Conrad's forces faced the Russian Brusilov Offensive. The Austro-Hungarian lines collapsed, suffering massive casualties and loss of territory. Conrad's strategic decisions were criticized. The defeat weakened the Habsburg army irreparably.

Emperor Charles I dismissed Conrad von H

General Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz led a military coup on August 6, 2008, overthrowing democratically elected President Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi. He suspended the constitution and established a military junta.

After resigning from the army, Abdel Aziz won the presidential election on July 18, 2009, with 52.6% of the vote. The election was boycotted by opposition parties and criticized internationally.

Abdel Aziz won re-election in June 2014 with 81.9% of the vote amid an opposition boycott. He later pushed through a constitutional referendum in 2017 that abolished the Senate and changed the flag.

Abdel Aziz resigned on March 15, 2019, to allow his successor to take office after the 2019 presidential election. This marked the first peaceful transfer of power in Mauritania's history.