Franz Joseph II vs Sahin Giray

Franz Joseph II became Prince of Liechtenstein at age 32, succeeding his great-uncle Franz I. He inherited a small, impoverished principality facing pressure from Nazi Germany and the threat of absorption into the Greater German Reich.

Franz Joseph II kept Liechtenstein neutral throughout World War II, resisting pressure from Nazi Germany to join the Axis. He maintained diplomatic relations with both sides and protected the principality's sovereignty, though the country was economically dependent on Germany.

At the end of World War II, Franz Joseph II allowed approximately 500 Russian soldiers of the pro-German Russian Liberation Army to seek refuge in Liechtenstein. Despite Soviet demands for repatriation, he refused to extradite them, and most were eventually granted asylum in Argentina.

Franz Joseph II oversaw Liechtenstein's transformation from a poor agricultural state into a wealthy industrial and financial center. He attracted foreign investment, developed the manufacturing sector, and established low-tax policies that made the principality a tax haven.

Franz Joseph II signed the law granting women the right to vote in national elections, following a referendum that narrowly passed. Liechtenstein was one of the last European countries to introduce women's suffrage, a reform the prince had supported.

Sahin Giray was appointed khan of Crimea under the terms of the Treaty of K

Sahin Giray implemented Western-style reforms in Crimea, including military reorganization, tax reforms, and the introduction of a new legal code. These reforms alienated the traditional Tatar nobility and clergy, leading to widespread opposition.

Sahin Giray abdicated after Catherine the Great annexed Crimea into the Russian Empire. He was granted a pension and exile in Russia, but his rule ended the centuries-old Crimean Khanate.

Sahin Giray was executed by the Ottoman Empire after being extradited from Russia. The Ottomans viewed him as a traitor for collaborating with Russia, and his death eliminated the last Crimean khan.