Frederick I of Sweden vs Minh Mang

Frederick I was crowned King of Sweden after his wife Ulrika Eleonora abdicated in his favor. His coronation was conditional on accepting the 1720 constitution, which limited royal power and strengthened the Riksdag.

Frederick I presided over the early Age of Liberty, a period of parliamentary rule in Sweden. He had little political influence, as power shifted to the Riksdag and the Hat and Cap parties.

Frederick I, influenced by the Hat party, declared war on Russia in an attempt to regain lost territories. The war ended in 1743 with the Treaty of

Frederick I died in Stockholm at age 75. His death ended a reign of 31 years during which royal power declined and the Age of Liberty flourished.

Minh Mang reorganized the Vietnamese bureaucracy based on Confucian principles, centralizing power and reducing regional autonomy. He expanded the civil service examination system and promoted Neo-Confucian orthodoxy.

Minh Mang issued a series of edicts banning Christianity and ordering the destruction of churches. Missionaries were executed or expelled, and Vietnamese Christians were persecuted. This policy increased tensions with France and led to future French intervention.

Minh Mang ordered the brutal suppression of the Le Van Khoi rebellion in southern Vietnam. The revolt, led by a Catholic convert, was crushed with mass executions, and Minh Mang intensified his persecution of Christian missionaries and converts.