Friedrich Olbricht vs Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq

Olbricht was appointed Chief of the General Army Office (Allgemeines Heeresamt) in 1940. This position gave him control over the Replacement Army (Ersatzheer), which was crucial for the Valkyrie plan to seize power after Hitler's assassination.

Olbricht, along with other conspirators, modified the existing Operation Valkyrie emergency plan to be used for a coup d'

After the failure of the July 20 plot, Olbricht was arrested at the Bendlerblock in Berlin. He was summarily executed by firing squad on the night of July 20, 1944, along with Stauffenberg and other conspirators.

On July 5, 1977, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq led a military coup against Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, imposing martial law. Zia cited political unrest and alleged electoral fraud as reasons, beginning an 11-year military dictatorship.

Zia-ul-Haq launched a comprehensive Islamization program, introducing Hudood Ordinances, Islamic courts, and mandatory zakat. He also enforced Islamic dress codes and curriculum changes, reshaping Pakistan's legal and social framework along conservative religious lines.

Zia-ul-Haq oversaw the execution of former Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto on April 4, 1979, after a controversial murder conviction. The execution was condemned internationally and deepened political divisions in Pakistan.

Zia-ul-Haq died on August 17, 1988, when his military aircraft crashed near Bahawalpur. The crash also killed several senior generals and the U.S. ambassador. The cause remains disputed, with theories ranging from sabotage to mechanical failure.