Li Guangbi vs Pedro de Valdivia

Li Guangbi was appointed military governor of Shuofang, a key frontier command. He was of Khitan origin but loyal to Tang, and he began organizing defenses against the An Lushan Rebellion.

Li Guangbi defeated a Yan army at Jiayuguan (in modern Gansu), securing the northwestern frontier. This victory prevented the rebellion from spreading to the Silk Road regions and bought time for Tang counterattacks.

Li Guangbi led a campaign to recapture Taiyuan from Yan forces. Using a combination of siege tactics and cavalry raids, he retook the city, a major logistical center, and inflicted heavy casualties on the enemy.

Li Guangbi's forces were defeated by Shi Siming at Yancheng. The loss forced him to retreat and regroup, but he avoided total destruction and continued to harass Yan supply lines.

Li Guangbi played a key role in the final campaigns against Shi Chaoyi, the last Yan emperor. He coordinated with Uyghur allies and Tang forces to crush the rebellion, leading to its end in 763.

Mapuche warriors led by Chief Michimalonco attacked and destroyed Santiago in September 1541. Valdivia and his men were forced to flee the city. The Spanish rebuilt the settlement, but the attack marked the beginning of the Arauco War.

Valdivia founded the city of Santiago de la Nueva Extremadura on February 12, 1541, in the Mapocho Valley. The city became the capital of the Captaincy General of Chile and the center of Spanish colonization in the region.

Valdivia was appointed Governor and Captain General of Chile by Francisco Pizarro. He was given authority to conquer and colonize the region south of Peru. He established the first Spanish settlements in Chile and organized the colonial administration.

Valdivia founded the city of Concepci

Valdivia was captured and killed by Mapuche forces led by Lautaro at the Battle of Tucapel on December 25, 1553. According to accounts, he was executed by the Mapuche after refusing to convert to their religion. His death was a major setback for Spanish colonization.