Lord Ripon vs Ukhnaa Khurelsukh

Lord Ripon's government passed the first Factory Act in India, which regulated child labor by prohibiting employment of children under age seven and limiting working hours for those under twelve. It also required basic safety measures in factories. The act was a pioneering labor reform in colonial India.

Lord Ripon issued a resolution that laid the foundation for local self-government in India. It established municipal and local boards with elected Indian members, aiming to increase Indian participation in administration. This is often called the 'Magna Carta of local self-government' in India.

Lord Ripon repealed the Vernacular Press Act of 1878, which had restricted the freedom of Indian-language newspapers. This action restored press freedom and was welcomed by Indian nationalists, though it was criticized by some British officials as weakening control.

Lord Ripon introduced the Ilbert Bill, which sought to allow Indian judges to try European British subjects in criminal cases. The bill faced intense opposition from the European community in India and was ultimately passed in a diluted form, but it marked a significant step toward judicial equality.

Ukhnaa Khurelsukh was appointed Prime Minister of Mongolia on October 4, 2017, after the ouster of Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat. He led the Mongolian People's Party government, focusing on economic recovery and anti-corruption measures.

Khurelsukh's government declared a state of emergency in Mongolia in February 2020 to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, imposing strict lockdowns and border closures. The measures initially kept cases low but later faced criticism for economic and social impacts.

Khurelsukh resigned as Prime Minister on January 21, 2021, following large-scale protests over the government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic and the death of a hospitalized mother. His resignation was accepted by parliament, leading to a new government.

Khurelsukh was elected President of Mongolia on June 9, 2021, winning 67.8% of the vote in the presidential election. He assumed office on June 25, 2021, becoming the sixth president of Mongolia and shifting from prime minister to head of state.