Rama III vs Sadasiva Raya

Rama III succeeded his father, Rama II, as the third monarch of the Chakri dynasty. His reign marked a period of commercial expansion and cautious engagement with Western powers while maintaining Siamese sovereignty.

Rama III ordered the suppression of a rebellion led by Chao Anouvong of Vientiane. Siamese forces captured Vientiane, destroyed the city, and deported large populations to Siam, consolidating Siamese control over Lao territories.

Rama III signed the Burney Treaty with the British East India Company, establishing trade relations and defining spheres of influence in the Malay Peninsula. The treaty recognized Siamese suzerainty over Kedah while granting British commercial rights.

Rama III resisted Western demands for extraterritorial rights and military concessions, maintaining Siam's independence through diplomatic balancing. He also initiated limited modernization, including fortification upgrades and naval expansion.

Rama III launched a military campaign against Vietnam to assert Siamese influence over Cambodia. The war ended with a treaty that divided Cambodia into Siamese and Vietnamese spheres of influence, but failed to achieve lasting dominance.

Sadasiva Raya was placed on the throne by the regent Rama Raya, who effectively controlled the empire. Sadasiva was a figurehead, with real power exercised by Rama Raya and his family for the duration of his reign.

The Vijayanagara army, nominally under Sadasiva Raya but commanded by Rama Raya, was decisively defeated by the Deccan Sultanates at Talikota. The defeat led to the sack of Vijayanagara city and the collapse of the empire's power.

Following the Battle of Talikota, Sadasiva Raya fled the capital along with the royal family as the city was sacked by the Deccan armies. He took refuge in Penukonda, marking the end of Vijayanagara as a major power.