Roberto Viola vs Yahya Jammeh

On March 29, 1981, Roberto Viola was appointed President of Argentina by the military junta, succeeding Jorge Videla. His presidency was part of the National Reorganization Process, the military dictatorship that ruled Argentina from 1976 to 1983.

During Viola's presidency, the military junta continued its campaign of state terrorism against leftist guerrillas, political opponents, and suspected subversives. Thousands were kidnapped, tortured, and killed or disappeared. Human rights organizations documented systematic abuses.

On December 11, 1981, Roberto Viola was removed from the presidency by the military junta due to health issues and internal disagreements. He was replaced by Leopoldo Galtieri. Viola's removal reflected instability within the dictatorship.

In 1985, Roberto Viola was convicted by the Argentine courts for human rights abuses committed during the Dirty War, including illegal detentions, torture, and forced disappearances. He was sentenced to 17 years in prison, later reduced.

Jammeh led a bloodless military coup that overthrew President Dawda Jawara. He established the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council and became head of state at age 29.

Jammeh declared Gambia an Islamic republic, citing the country's Muslim majority. The move was criticized as a distraction from human rights abuses and economic mismanagement.

Jammeh lost the presidential election to Adama Barrow but initially refused to step down. His refusal triggered a regional crisis and ECOWAS military intervention.

Jammeh was forced into exile in Equatorial Guinea after ECOWAS troops entered Gambia. His departure ended 22 years of authoritarian rule and allowed Barrow to assume the presidency.