Andry Rajoelina vs Sheikh Hasina

Rajoelina was elected mayor of Madagascar's capital, Antananarivo, in December 2007. This position gave him a platform to challenge President Marc Ravalomanana, leading to a political crisis.

Rajoelina led mass protests against President Ravalomanana in early 2009. The protests escalated into a coup d'

In March 2009, Rajoelina was installed as President of the High Transitional Authority of Madagascar. His rule was not recognized by the African Union or SADC, leading to Madagascar's suspension from these organizations.

In August 2009, Rajoelina signed the Maputo Accords with other Malagasy political factions, agreeing to a power-sharing government. The accords collapsed within months due to disagreements over ministerial posts.

Rajoelina ran for president in the 2013 elections but was barred from standing by the electoral court due to his role in the 2009 coup. He supported a proxy candidate, Hery Rajaonarimampianina, who won.

Rajoelina won the 2018 presidential election in a runoff against Marc Ravalomanana, receiving 55.7% of the vote. His victory marked a return to power through democratic means, ending a decade of political instability.

Rajoelina was re-elected in the first round of the 2023 presidential election with 58.9% of the vote. The election was boycotted by most opposition candidates, who alleged irregularities, leading to low voter turnout.

Sheikh Hasina led the Awami League to victory in the June 1996 general election, becoming Prime Minister of Bangladesh. This marked her first term in office, beginning a political career that would make her the longest-serving prime minister in the country's history.

Sheikh Hasina's government signed a peace accord with the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti, ending a two-decade-long insurgency in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The agreement granted autonomy and land rights to indigenous communities, though implementation has been partial.

A grenade attack targeted Sheikh Hasina during a rally in Kotalipara, Gopalganj. The attack killed 24 people and injured hundreds, including Hasina. The incident was widely attributed to political opponents and remains a key event in Bangladesh's political violence.

Sheikh Hasina's government launched the Digital Bangladesh program, aiming to expand internet access, digitize government services, and promote ICT education. The initiative contributed to economic growth and improved public service delivery, though digital divides persist.

Sheikh Hasina was sworn in for a fourth consecutive term after the Awami League won the 2018 general election. The election was criticized by opposition parties and international observers for irregularities and lack of a level playing field.