Andrzej Duda vs Tharman Shanmugaratnam

Duda won the Polish presidential election as the candidate of the Law and Justice party, defeating incumbent Bronis

Duda refused to swear in three judges appointed by the previous government to the Constitutional Tribunal, sparking a constitutional crisis. The Law and Justice government's judicial reforms were criticized by the EU.

Duda vetoed a controversial law that would have given the government control over public media appointments. The veto was seen as a rare check on the Law and Justice party's legislative agenda.

Duda won re-election in a closely contested runoff against Rafa

Duda strongly supported Ukraine after Russia's invasion, advocating for EU sanctions and NATO assistance. Poland became a key hub for military aid and refugees, though relations later strained over grain imports.

Tharman served as Deputy Prime Minister from 2011 to 2019 and as Minister for Finance from 2007 to 2015. He oversaw Singapore's economic policies, including the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and social spending initiatives.

Tharman was appointed Chairman of the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) of the IMF in 2011, serving until 2014. He played a key role in global economic governance and reform of the international financial system.

Tharman Shanmugaratnam was elected as the 9th President of Singapore on September 1, 2023, winning over 70% of the vote. He ran as an independent candidate, focusing on national unity and social issues.