Helmuth von Moltke the Younger vs Rafael Trujillo

Moltke, as Chief of the German General Staff, commanded the German armies during the First Battle of the Marne. His modification of the Schlieffen Plan and loss of communication with his armies contributed to the German defeat. The battle ended German hopes for a quick victory in the west.

Moltke oversaw the German invasion of Belgium and France in August 1914. The German armies achieved initial victories at the Battles of the Frontiers, but the advance was slowed by logistical problems and Belgian resistance. This set the stage for the failure at the Marne.

After the German defeat at the First Battle of the Marne, Moltke was dismissed as Chief of the German General Staff on 14 September 1914. He was replaced by Erich von Falkenhayn. Moltke's health deteriorated and he died in 1916, blamed by many for Germany's failure to win a quick victory.

Trujillo, as commander of the National Army, staged a coup against President Horacio V

Trujillo ordered the massacre of Haitians living in the Dominican border region. Soldiers killed an estimated 20,000 to 30,000 people using machetes. The event was named for the shibboleth used to distinguish Haitians from Dominicans.

Trujillo used state power to acquire control over the sugar industry, the country's main economic sector. He and his family became the largest landowners and sugar producers, enriching themselves while the state managed the industry.

Trujillo was ambushed and killed by a group of Dominican dissidents on a highway near Ciudad Trujillo. The assassination was aided by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, which provided weapons. His death ended the dictatorship.