Iskander Mirza vs Iwakura Tomomi

Iskander Mirza became the first President of Pakistan on March 23, 1956, when the country adopted its first constitution. He had previously served as the last Governor-General. His presidency was marked by political instability and factional infighting.

On October 7, 1958, Iskander Mirza abrogated the constitution, dissolved the government, and imposed martial law, appointing General Ayub Khan as Chief Martial Law Administrator. This ended Pakistan's first parliamentary experiment.

Within weeks of imposing martial law, Iskander Mirza was forced into exile by Ayub Khan on October 27, 1958. Ayub Khan took over as President, and Mirza lived the rest of his life in London, never returning to Pakistan.

Iwakura Tomomi was a key court noble who supported the imperial restoration. He helped coordinate the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate and the establishment of the Meiji government, serving as a bridge between the court and the samurai rebels.

Iwakura Tomomi led the Iwakura Mission, a diplomatic tour of the United States and Europe. The mission studied Western political, economic, and military systems, providing crucial knowledge for Japan's modernization.

Iwakura Tomomi supported the suppression of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, which demanded democratic reforms. He believed in gradual reform under imperial authority, leading to the arrest of activists and restrictions on political speech.

Iwakura Tomomi chaired the committee that drafted the Meiji Constitution. He advocated for a strong imperial system with limited parliamentary powers, influencing the final document that established Japan's modern government.