Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah vs Tupac Amaru

Iraqi forces invaded and occupied Kuwait under Saddam Hussein. Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah fled to Saudi Arabia and established a government-in-exile. The invasion led to the Gulf War and a seven-month occupation of Kuwait.

A US-led coalition launched Operation Desert Storm, liberating Kuwait from Iraqi occupation. Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah returned to Kuwait as emir. The liberation restored Kuwaiti sovereignty but left the country with extensive damage and environmental destruction.

Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah oversaw the massive reconstruction of Kuwait's infrastructure, oil fields, and economy after the Gulf War. The rebuilding cost billions of dollars and restored Kuwait's status as a major oil exporter. He also restored the National Assembly.

Tupac Amaru was crowned Sapa Inca of the Neo-Inca State at Vilcabamba after the death of his half-brother Titu Cusi. He inherited a shrinking kingdom under constant Spanish pressure, with limited resources and a dwindling population.

Viceroy Francisco de Toledo launched a military expedition against Vilcabamba, capturing the Neo-Inca capital. Spanish forces overwhelmed the Inca defenders, ending the last independent Inca state and capturing Tupac Amaru.

Tupac Amaru was publicly executed by beheading in Cusco's main square after a trial for rebellion. His death marked the final end of the Inca imperial line and the complete subjugation of the Andes under Spanish colonial rule.