Jaja of Opobo vs Liliuokalani

Jaja led a secession of Bonny's Anna Pepple house to establish the independent city-state of Opobo in the Niger Delta. He declared himself king and built a new trading center that rivaled Bonny in palm oil exports.

Jaja established a monopoly over palm oil trade in the Opobo region, controlling prices and excluding European merchants from direct access to producers. This gave him significant economic power and wealth.

Jaja resisted British attempts to impose treaties that would limit his sovereignty and trade control. He refused to sign the 1884 Treaty of Protection, asserting Opobo's independence and challenging British imperial expansion.

British consul Harry Johnston tricked Jaja into negotiations and arrested him. Jaja was tried by a British court, deposed, and exiled to Saint Vincent in the West Indies, ending his rule over Opobo.

After years of exile, Jaja was allowed to return to West Africa but died en route, possibly poisoned. His death marked the end of organized resistance to British control in the Niger Delta palm oil trade.

Liliuokalani composed the song 'Aloha Oe' while still a princess. The song became a symbol of Hawaiian culture and identity, and is one of the most famous Hawaiian songs worldwide.

Liliuokalani became Queen of Hawaii on 29 January 1891, following the death of her brother King Kalakaua. She was the first and only queen regnant of the Hawaiian Kingdom.

Liliuokalani attempted to replace the Bayonet Constitution of 1887 with a new constitution that would restore power to the monarchy and native Hawaiians. This move triggered a coup by American and European businessmen, who overthrew the monarchy.

On 17 January 1893, a group of American and European businessmen, supported by U.S. Minister John L. Stevens and U.S. Marines, overthrew Liliuokalani. She yielded under protest to avoid bloodshed, ending the Hawaiian monarchy.

In 1895, Liliuokalani was implicated in a failed counter-rebellion by royalists seeking to restore the monarchy. She was arrested, tried for treason, and forced to abdicate. She was imprisoned in Iolani Palace for eight months.