Joao Goulart vs Xavier Bettel

João Goulart was elected vice president of Brazil in 1960 on the ticket of the Brazilian Labor Party (PTB), alongside President Jânio Quadros. He assumed office on January 31, 1961.

After Quadros resigned in August 1961, Goulart assumed the presidency on September 7, 1961, following a political crisis and a compromise that established a parliamentary system. He was the first president from the PTB.

Goulart nationalized the International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT) company and the Companhia Sider

Goulart proposed a series of 'Basic Reforms' (Reformas de Base) in 1963, including land reform, tax reform, educational reform, and the nationalization of foreign-owned utilities. These proposals faced strong opposition from conservative sectors and the military.

Goulart was overthrown by a military coup on April 1, 1964, which established a military dictatorship that lasted until 1985. He fled to Uruguay and later to Argentina, where he lived in exile until his death.

Xavier Bettel was elected Mayor of Luxembourg City, the capital of Luxembourg. He served in this role until 2013, overseeing urban development and municipal services.

Bettel became Prime Minister of Luxembourg, leading a coalition government of the Democratic Party, the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, and The Greens. He was the first openly gay prime minister in the country's history.

Bettel's government passed legislation legalizing same-sex marriage and adoption, making Luxembourg one of the first countries to do so. The law reflected his personal advocacy as an openly gay leader.

Bettel oversaw Luxembourg's response to COVID-19, including testing, contact tracing, and vaccination. Luxembourg had one of the highest testing rates per capita in Europe, though it also faced high infection rates early in the pandemic.

Bettel was re-elected for a third term after the 2023 general election, though his coalition lost seats. He continued as prime minister, focusing on economic diversification and digital innovation.