Mirza Raja Jai Singh vs Reinhard Scheer

Mirza Raja Jai Singh led the Mughal army against Shivaji at Purandar. After a siege, Shivaji surrendered and signed the Treaty of Purandar, ceding forts and agreeing to serve the Mughals.

Jai Singh was appointed commander of the Mughal Deccan campaign. He subdued several Maratha chiefs and expanded Mughal influence, but his efforts were undermined by Aurangzeb's distrust.

Jai Singh negotiated the Treaty of Purandar with Shivaji. Shivaji surrendered 23 forts, paid indemnity, and agreed to join the Mughal campaign in the Deccan. In return, he was granted the title of Mansabdar.

Scheer commanded the German High Seas Fleet at the Battle of Jutland, the largest naval battle of World War I. His fleet inflicted heavier losses on the British Grand Fleet but was forced to retreat. Scheer's tactical handling prevented a decisive British victory but failed to break the blockade.

Scheer, as Chief of the Naval Staff, advocated for the resumption of unrestricted U-boat warfare in January 1917. He argued it would starve Britain into submission within six months. This decision led to the entry of the United States into World War I in April 1917.

Scheer, as Chief of the Naval Staff, ordered the scuttling of the German High Seas Fleet at Scapa Flow on 21 June 1919. This was to prevent the fleet from being divided among the Allies under the Treaty of Versailles. 52 ships were sunk, the largest loss of naval vessels in a single day.