Abd el-Kader vs Alexander Kolchak

Abd el-Kader signed the Treaty of Tafna with French General Thomas Bugeaud. The treaty recognized Abd el-Kader's control over the interior of western Algeria, temporarily halting French expansion and establishing a defined territory for his emirate.

French forces under the Duke of Aumale captured Abd el-Kader's mobile camp (smala) at Taguin, taking thousands of prisoners including his family. This defeat destroyed his administrative base and severely weakened his resistance movement.

Abd el-Kader surrendered to French General Louis de Lamorici

During sectarian violence in Damascus, Abd el-Kader personally intervened to protect Christian communities, sheltering thousands in his home. His actions saved many lives and earned him international recognition, including the French Legion of Honour.

Kolchak was proclaimed Supreme Ruler of Russia by the White forces in Omsk. He established a government that claimed authority over all anti-Bolshevik forces. His regime was recognized by the Allies and became the main White government in Siberia.

Kolchak's government gained control of a large portion of the Russian Empire's gold reserve, which had been captured by the Czechoslovak Legion. The gold was used to finance his government and purchase supplies. Its fate after Kolchak's defeat remains a subject of speculation.

Kolchak launched a major offensive westward from Siberia, aiming to link up with Denikin's forces and march on Moscow. The offensive initially captured large areas, including Perm and Ufa, but was halted by the Red Army and turned into a retreat.

After the collapse of his government, Kolchak was captured by the Czechoslovak Legion and handed over to the Bolsheviks in Irkutsk. He was executed by firing squad on February 7, 1920, and his body was thrown into the Angara River.