Askia Daoud vs Hamengkubuwono IX

Askia Daoud became ruler of the Songhai Empire after the death of his brother, Askia Ishaq I. His reign, lasting over 30 years, is considered the longest in Songhai history and was marked by internal peace and administrative consolidation.

Askia Daoud continued the Songhai tradition of patronizing Islamic scholars and the University of Sankore in Timbuktu. This period saw a flourishing of learning and intellectual activity, reinforcing Timbuktu's status as a center of Islamic culture.

Askia Daoud died after a reign of approximately 33 years. His death triggered a succession crisis among his many sons, weakening the Songhai Empire and setting the stage for the Moroccan invasion a decade later.

Hamengkubuwono IX became the Sultan of Yogyakarta, a princely state in the Dutch East Indies. His reign began during the Japanese occupation, and he later played a key role in the Indonesian National Revolution.

Hamengkubuwono IX declared his support for the newly proclaimed Republic of Indonesia, offering Yogyakarta as the republic's capital. His decision provided a safe haven for the republican government during the war for independence.

Hamengkubuwono IX, along with other senior military figures, was involved in the transfer of executive authority from President Sukarno to General Suharto via the Supersemar document. This event marked the beginning of Suharto's New Order regime.

Hamengkubuwono IX was elected Vice President of Indonesia under President Suharto, serving until 1978. His role symbolized the integration of traditional Javanese monarchy into the modern Indonesian state.

Hamengkubuwono IX died in Jakarta and was given a state funeral. He was buried in the royal cemetery at Imogiri, Yogyakarta. His death marked the end of an era for the Yogyakarta Sultanate and Indonesian politics.