Chaim Weizmann vs Henry St John

Weizmann, as a leading Zionist diplomat, played a key role in persuading the British government to issue the Balfour Declaration. The declaration expressed British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine. Weizmann's scientific work and political lobbying were instrumental.

Weizmann was instrumental in founding the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, laying its cornerstone in 1918. The university became a major center of Jewish learning and research. Weizmann saw it as essential for the cultural and scientific development of the Jewish homeland.

Weizmann was elected President of the World Zionist Organization, a position he held for most of the next three decades. He led the Zionist movement through the British Mandate period, focusing on immigration, settlement, and political negotiations for a Jewish state.

Weizmann participated in the St. James Conference in London, a failed attempt to resolve the Arab-Zionist conflict. He also negotiated with British officials regarding the 1939 White Paper, which restricted Jewish immigration to Palestine. His efforts could not prevent the policy.

Weizmann was elected the first President of the State of Israel by the Knesset. He served as a ceremonial head of state, lending his international prestige to the new nation. His presidency lasted until his death in 1952, symbolizing the realization of Zionist goals.

Queen Anne appointed Henry St John as Secretary of State for the Northern Department and created him Viscount Bolingbroke. He became a leading Tory minister, responsible for foreign policy and the negotiation of the Treaty of Utrecht.

Fearing impeachment by the new Whig government, Bolingbroke fled to France. He became Secretary of State to the Jacobite pretender James Francis Edward Stuart, serving the exiled court and plotting the restoration of the Stuart monarchy.

Bolingbroke was allowed to return to England after receiving a pardon from George I. He was barred from sitting in the House of Lords but remained politically active as a writer and pamphleteer, influencing the opposition to Walpole.