John Balliol vs Qasim Khan

John Balliol, as a claimant, was party to the Treaty of Birgham which arranged the marriage of Margaret, Maid of Norway to Edward II. The treaty promised Scottish independence, but it was never fully implemented after Margaret's death.

John Balliol was selected as King of Scots by Edward I of England after the Great Cause arbitration. Edward I oversaw the selection process and Balliol swore fealty to him, effectively making Scotland a vassal state.

John Balliol's Scottish army was decisively defeated by English forces under John de Warenne at Dunbar. The defeat led to Balliol's abdication and Edward I's conquest of Scotland, with the Stone of Destiny taken to Westminster.

John Balliol abdicated the Scottish throne after his defeat at Dunbar. He was stripped of his royal regalia and imprisoned in the Tower of London, later being exiled to France. His reign ended with Scotland under English occupation.

Qasim Khan expanded and consolidated the territory of the Kazakh Khanate, bringing most of the steppe regions under his control. He secured the eastern borders against the Moghulistan and the western borders against the Nogai Horde, establishing the khanate as a major regional power.

Qasim Khan formed a diplomatic alliance with the Timurid ruler Babur, providing military support against the Shaybanid Uzbeks. This alliance helped secure the southern borders of the Kazakh Khanate and facilitated trade along the Silk Road.

Qasim Khan compiled and codified the first written legal code of the Kazakh Khanate, known as the 'Qasym Khannyn Qasqa Zholy' (Bright Path of Qasim Khan). This code regulated criminal, civil, and military law, establishing a unified legal framework for the nomadic Kazakh tribes and strengthening the khan's authority.