Jebe

Jebe and Subutai led a 20,000-man Mongol army on a multi-year reconnaissance raid through the Caucasus and into the Pontic steppes. They defeated the Cumans and a coalition of Rus' princes at the Battle of the Kalka River in 1223.

Jebe led a detachment of 10,000 men to pursue Muhammad II of Khwarezm across Persia. He chased the fleeing shah to the Caspian Sea, where Muhammad died on an island. The pursuit demonstrated Mongol strategic mobility and intelligence gathering.

During the Great Raid, Jebe defeated the Kipchak (Cuman) confederation in the Caucasus. The victory broke the power of the Kipchaks in the region and forced them to flee westward, where they later allied with the Rus' against the Mongols.

Jebe and Subutai's Mongol army defeated a coalition of Rus' principalities and Cumans at the Kalka River. The victory was a major demonstration of Mongol military capability against European forces, though the Mongols did not follow up immediately.