Humayun vs Isabella II of Spain

Humayun's army was defeated by the Afghan ruler Sher Shah Suri at Chausa in Bihar. Humayun barely escaped with his life, reportedly crossing the Ganges River on a water skin. This defeat led to the loss of Mughal control over Bengal and Bihar, weakening Humayun's position.

Humayun was decisively defeated by Sher Shah Suri at Kannauj (also known as the Battle of Bilgram). This defeat forced Humayun to flee India entirely, seeking refuge in Persia. Sher Shah Suri established the Sur Empire, which ruled northern India for the next 15 years.

Humayun, with military support from the Safavid Shah Tahmasp I, recaptured Delhi and Agra from the Sur Empire. He defeated the Sur forces at the Battle of Sirhind. This victory restored the Mughal Empire in India, though Humayun died shortly after, leaving the empire to his son Akbar.

Humayun died after falling down the stairs of his library in Delhi. He was reportedly carrying a load of books when he heard the call to prayer and slipped. His death occurred just months after restoring the Mughal Empire, leaving his 13-year-old son Akbar as his successor.

The First Carlist War broke out between the Isabelline forces (liberals) and the Carlists (absolutists). The war lasted until 1840 and ended with the defeat of the Carlists, but left Spain politically divided.

Isabella II became Queen of Spain at age three after the death of her father Ferdinand VII. Her minority sparked the First Carlist War between supporters of Isabella and those of her uncle Carlos.

Isabella II was declared of age at 13, ending the regency of General Espartero. Her personal rule was marked by instability, with frequent changes of government and military interventions.

The Glorious Revolution (La Gloriosa) overthrew Isabella II, who fled to France. The revolution ended the Bourbon monarchy and led to the Sexenio Democr