Tardu vs William the Lion

Tardu was appointed Yabghu (viceroy) of the western part of the First Turkic Khaganate by his father Ist

After the death of Taspar Qaghan, Tardu rebelled against the Eastern Turkic Khaganate, seeking to reunite the khaganate under his rule. This led to a prolonged civil war that devastated the steppe and weakened both sides.

Tardu led a major invasion of Sui China, besieging the capital Chang'an. The Sui emperor Yang Jian organized a successful defense, and Tardu was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses, ending his threat to China.

Tardu died in exile after his failed campaign against China. His death ended the attempt to reunite the Turkic Khaganate, and the Western Khaganate fell into decline, eventually being absorbed by the Eastern Khaganate.

William the Lion was captured by English forces near Alnwick Castle during an invasion of Northumberland. He was taken prisoner to England, leading to the Treaty of Falaise where Scotland became a vassal state of England.

William the Lion signed the Treaty of Falaise, acknowledging Henry II of England as his feudal overlord. Scotland's castles were garrisoned by English troops, and William paid homage to the English king.

William the Lion founded Arbroath Abbey in Angus, dedicated to St. Thomas Becket. The abbey became a major religious center and later the site where the Declaration of Arbroath was drafted in 1320.

William the Lion paid 10,000 marks to Richard I of England to annul the Treaty of Falaise. This purchase restored Scotland's independence and ended English overlordship, with all English garrisons withdrawn from Scottish castles.