Jiaqing Emperor vs Mohammed VI of Morocco

Jiaqing's forces suppressed a major Miao rebellion in Guizhou and Hunan provinces. The campaign was brutal and costly, but restored Qing control over the region, though it highlighted ethnic tensions.

The White Lotus Rebellion erupted in central China, lasting until 1804. Jiaqing's government struggled to suppress the rebellion due to corruption and inefficiency, draining the Qing treasury and exposing military weakness.

Upon taking full power after his father Qianlong's death, Jiaqing ordered the arrest and execution of the corrupt grand councilor Heshen. Heshen's vast wealth was confiscated, temporarily replenishing the imperial treasury.

Jiaqing attempted to address the fiscal crisis caused by the White Lotus Rebellion and corruption. He implemented tax reforms, reduced court spending, and tried to curb official embezzlement, but with limited success.

The Qing military's inability to quickly suppress the White Lotus Rebellion revealed its decline. The Eight Banners and Green Standard armies were poorly trained and equipped, forcing the use of local militias.

Mohammed VI became King of Morocco upon the death of his father, Hassan II. He inherited a country with a history of authoritarian rule and immediately signaled a shift towards reform and modernization.

Mohammed VI oversaw a major reform of the Moudawana, Morocco's family code. The new law granted women greater rights in marriage, divorce, and child custody, and raised the minimum marriage age. It was a landmark for women's rights in the Arab world.

Mohammed VI launched the INDH, a large-scale program to combat poverty, unemployment, and social exclusion. It funded thousands of local development projects across Morocco, aiming to improve living conditions in marginalized areas.

In response to the Arab Spring protests, Mohammed VI proposed a new constitution. It was approved by referendum, granting the prime minister and parliament more powers while the king remained head of state and military commander.

Mohammed VI agreed to normalize diplomatic relations with Israel as part of the Abraham Accords, brokered by the United States. In exchange, the US recognized Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara. This was a major shift in Moroccan foreign policy.